The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.